Arduino Transistor Relay Circuit

This video npn transistor based 12v dc relay control drive simple make it this type transistor is a semiconductor device used to switch electronic signals a.

Arduino transistor relay circuit.

An ac bulb is used for demonstration. Most motors require more current and or voltage to operate. Basically when 5v flow through the 1k resistor to the base of transistor a current of about 0005 amps 500 microamps flows and turns on the transistor. The arduino can only provide 40ma at 5v on its digital pins.

A transistor can act as a digital switch enabling the arduino to control loads with higher electrical requirements. Thats it our circuit is complete now we can upload the code to the arduino to turn on or off the relay. A cheap general purpose transistor such as the bc548 is capable of controlling a small relay with a holding current of less than 300 ma. The second leg connected to analog in 0 of the arduino.

The optocoupler is the most important part it isolates the circuit from the relay using. The parts you will need. Schematic view of a potentiometer and transistor connected to an arduino. In this arduino relay control circuit we have used arduino to control the relay via a bc547 transistor.

2 x 220ω resistors. First leg of the potentiometer is connected to 5 volts. We have connected transistor base to arduino pin a0 through a 1k resistor. Circuit diagram and working.

The transistor in this example completes the motor s circuit to ground. Basically when 5v flow through the 1k resistor to the base of transistor a current of about 0005 amps 500 microamps flows and turns on the transistor. Here is a simple circuit that uses a bipolar junction transistor bjt to drive a small 5 v relay coil. The picture above shows the circuit you need to build.

Arduino board jumper wires breadboard. 1 x sharp pc817 optocoupler. Usually an npn transistor in a common emitter configuration used as a switch drives the relay. 1 x 1n4001 diode.

So whenever i turn the arduino the first relay is on and its on for 3 seconds and after that it goes off and the second relay is on 3 sec similarly for third and fourth and after fourth all will be off for 3 seconds and after that all four legs will be turned on. Below given is relay driver circuit to build your own relay module. Thats it our circuit is complete now we can upload the code to the arduino to turn on or off the relay. 1 x tip120 darlington transistor is recommended but any one that will handle your relay will work.